![]() ![]() In particular, as we review applications now and in the future, we will respect decisions regarding the adoption of Pass/Fail and other grading options during the period of COVID-19 disruptions. Recognizing the challenges of teaching, learning, and assessing academic performance during the global COVID-19 pandemic, Penn’s admissions committees for graduate and professional programs will take the significant disruptions of the COVID-19 outbreak in 2020 into account when reviewing students’ transcripts and other admissions materials as part of their regular practice of performing individualized, holistic reviews of each applicant. Please contact the Chair with any questions. ![]() Those electing to pursue the concentration in architectural conservation should have at least one college-level course in chemistry or equivalent before beginning the curriculum. It is difficult to take multiple courses during the summer, especially Physics and History of Architecture.īefore entering the Master of Science in Historic Preservation, students must have proficiency in computer-aided drafting (AutoCAD). We strongly recommend that you fulfill as many of these prerequisites as possible before you are admitted. For a list of the prerequisites, go here. If you have not taken the required courses at the time you are admitted into the Master of Architecture program, you would be admitted on the condition that you successfully complete the prerequisite(s) before entering the program in the fall. If you haven't taken the prerequisites during your undergraduate program, you can take them at any accredited college or university or online. A simple span structure, which allows the data to be stored in a single table, also supports a wide range of querying options, where engineers can extract the data they need to answer specific questions.The Master of Architecture professional degree does require that you take specific courses before entering the program. Slack has opted for a simple representation of trace spans, which makes the solution more flexible and less centered around the request and network tracing. Backend services use Zipkin and Jaeger instrumentation libraries to report spans that are converted into the internal span representation, while desktop and mobile apps use the span API directly. SlackTrace architecture consists of a Go webserver application publishing trace span events to Apache Kafka and a Go consumer service responsible for persisting events into the real-time store ( ElasticSearch) and the data warehouse. Further, the built-in sessionization of trace data simplified our analytics pipeline by eliminating additional jobs to de-dupe and sessionize the trace data. Modeling product analytics data as traces provides high-quality data in a consistent data format across all of our complex stack. Suman Karumuri, the senior staff software engineer at Slack, summarizes the benefits of tracing: They computed funnel analytics to understand notification open rates better and identified bugs in the application and the instrumentation code using historical notification traces. Lastly, the data science team has derived insights from the tracing data. ![]() The new functionality also helped iOS and Android engineers to start using Grafana to monitor notification delivery in mobile applications. Customer experience team members can use trace data themselves to understand what went wrong and answer a customer’s query without involving the development team. Notification tracing has improved issue triage and debugging. This way, they could support 100 percent sampling for notification flows, which Slack’s customer experience team requested. They decided to separate notification traces from the message request traces. The company decided to create its own tracing solution as it concluded that none of the available 3rd party solutions met its needs fully.įor tracing message notifications, the team mapped the flow to a trace by identifying notable events and determining attribute mappings. Slack previously created a bespoke SlackTrace tracing architecture and uses it for tracing regular message delivery, where one percent of client requests are traced. Development teams quite often had to spend many days looking through multiple systems with different logging backends and formats. However, since the notification flow spans many components of Slack’s overall platform, both server-side and client-side, they can be tricky to investigate in case of any issues reported to the customer experience team. Message notifications are a key element of Slack’s user experience. It also simplified the analytics pipeline and unlocked new use cases for the data science team. Tracing helped resolve notification issues 30% faster and reduced escalations to the development team. Slack leveraged its bespoke tracing architecture to help with investigating notification-delivery issues. ![]()
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